Medicare GPCI Values by State
Geographic Practice Cost Indices (GPCIs) adjust Medicare physician payments based on regional cost differences. Select a state to see detailed GPCI data and payment examples.
Understanding GPCIs
CMS uses Geographic Practice Cost Indices to adjust Medicare physician payments for geographic differences in the cost of resources needed to provide services. There are three GPCI components:
- Work GPCI -- reflects local physician earnings; most states have a Congressional floor of 1.000
- Practice Expense (PE) GPCI -- reflects local office rents, staff wages, equipment, and supply costs
- Malpractice (MP) GPCI -- reflects local professional liability insurance premiums
A GPCI of 1.000 equals the national average. Values above 1.000 indicate higher-than-average costs; values below 1.000 indicate lower costs. These adjustments can significantly impact Medicare reimbursement.
GPCI values shown are representative state-level averages based on CMS data. Many states have multiple Medicare localities with different GPCI values. Click on a state for locality-level detail. Always verify with official CMS sources for billing.